What It Does
Essential for brain function, liver health, and cell membrane integrity. Choline is a building block of acetylcholine — the neurotransmitter that controls memory, muscle movement, and heartbeat. It also helps the liver process and export fat, preventing fatty liver disease.
What You’ll Notice
Choline deficiency causes fatty liver, poor growth in puppies, and potentially reduced cognitive function. It's especially important for pregnant and nursing animals, as developing brains need abundant choline. Senior pets may benefit from extra choline to support cognitive function and delay mental decline.
Sources & Notes
Liver, eggs, meat, fish. Particularly important during pregnancy/lactation and for senior pets. Some cognitive dysfunction diets for older dogs include enhanced choline levels.