Overview
Demodectic mange is caused by Demodex mites that live naturally in hair follicles. When a dog's immune system is weakened — from stress, illness, poor nutrition, or genetics — mites multiply unchecked, causing hair loss and skin lesions. It's not contagious to humans or other adult dogs. Puppies often get it from their mother and most outgrow it as their immune system matures.
Symptoms to Watch For
- Patchy hair loss, usually starting on the face
- Red, scaly skin lesions
- No itching in early stages (unlike sarcoptic mange)
- Secondary bacterial infections in severe cases
- Generalized hair loss and thickened skin if untreated
How Nutrition Helps
A strong immune system is the primary defense against Demodex overgrowth. High-quality protein supports immune cell production. Zinc, vitamin E, and omega-3 fatty acids support immune function and skin health. Malnourished dogs are much more susceptible. Ensuring complete, balanced nutrition is both preventive and supportive during treatment.
How Activity Helps
Moderate exercise supports immune function. Avoid stress, which suppresses immunity.
Prevention Tips
- Feed a complete, balanced, high-quality diet
- Minimize stress in puppies and young dogs
- Don't breed dogs with a history of generalized demodectic mange
- Support immune health with adequate nutrition
- Annual wellness exams to catch immune issues early
Breeds at Higher Risk
Shar Peis, Bulldogs, Pit Bulls, Dachshunds, German Shepherds, and Great Danes. Genetic predisposition to immune dysfunction increases risk.