Overview
Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system — the body’s immune network. In dogs, it typically presents as painless swelling of lymph nodes and is often caught incidentally during a vet visit. In cats, it more commonly affects the intestines (alimentary lymphoma). While cancer cannot be prevented through diet alone, nutritional support during treatment significantly improves quality of life and response to chemotherapy.
Symptoms to Watch For
- Enlarged lymph nodes (firm, painless lumps under the jaw, in front of shoulders, behind knees)
- Loss of appetite and weight loss
- Lethargy and decreased activity
- Vomiting or diarrhea (especially intestinal form in cats)
- Increased thirst and urination
How Nutrition Helps
Cancer cells preferentially use carbohydrates for energy, while the body can use fat and protein. Diets higher in fat and protein, lower in simple carbohydrates, may slow tumor growth while supporting the patient. Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA/DHA) have anti-tumor properties and reduce cancer cachexia (muscle wasting). High-quality, calorie-dense food maintains body condition during chemotherapy.
How Activity Helps
Gentle activity maintains muscle mass and mental health during treatment. Let your pet set the pace — some days will be better than others.
Prevention Tips
- Regular vet checkups with lymph node palpation
- Run your hands over your pet monthly feeling for lumps
- Early detection gives the best response to treatment
- Maintain a healthy weight and balanced diet
- Minimize exposure to known carcinogens (herbicides, secondhand smoke)
Breeds at Higher Risk
Golden Retrievers, Boxers, Bullmastiffs, Basset Hounds, Saint Bernards, and Scottish Terriers in dogs. Siamese cats and cats exposed to secondhand smoke.